On March 20, 2015, after considering more than 1.5 million comments, the BLM released its much anticipated fracking rule for oil and gas wells on Federal and Indian lands.

More than 90 percent of all wells, including those on Federal and Indian property, are hydraulically fractured by injecting water, sand and chemicals under high pressure to stimulate the flow of oil and gas. Due to increased public concern over fracking, the rule imposes new requirements for assurance of wellbore integrity, management of flowback fluids, and disclosure of chemicals. The rule requires:

• Before fracking, operators have to perform a successful mechanical integrity test showing that the well can withstand at least the maximum anticipated pressure for 30 minutes with no more than a 10 percent loss of pressure.
• All flowback fluids from fracking must be stored in above-ground tanks. A lined pit may be used instead only if a tank would be infeasible and numerous conditions are met, including being at least 300’ from any stream and 50’ from any usable groundwater.
• Chemicals used in fracking have to be disclosed publicly within 30 days of the last stage of fracking for each well. This information must be certified and submitted “through FracFocus or another BLM-designated database, or in a Subsequent Report Sundry Notice.”

The rule allows operators to request a variance from particular requirements if “the proposed alternative meets or exceeds the objectives of the regulation for which the variance is being requested,” but the “decision whether to grant or deny the variance request is entirely within the BLM’s discretion” and may be rescinded or modified at any time. Various states, including Colorado, Wyoming and North Dakota, are considering whether they might be able to opt out of at least parts of the new rule because their own standards are so strict. BLM Director Neil Kornze told a House Natural Resources subcommittee on March 24 that he is looking at whether variances are warranted for Wyoming and other states and would like to reach those determinations before the 90-day effective date of the rule.
The same day that the BLM initially released the new rule, March 20, 2015, the Western Energy Alliance and Independent Petroleum Association of America filed suit in Federal court in Wyoming to challenge the rule for being unnecessary, overly burdensome and duplicative of environmental regulations and paperwork already required by state regulatory agencies.

The final rule was published in the Federal Register on March 26, 2015. 80 Fed. Reg. 16128. Unless legal challenges are successful, the new fracking rule will take effect on June 24, 2015.

Link to BLM announcement of fracking rule:  http://www.blm.gov/wo/st/en/info/newsroom/2015/march/nr_03_20_2015.html

The text of the rule in the Federal Register may be found at: http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2015-03-26/pdf/2015-06658.pdf